A reference, or a reference point, is the intensional use of one thing, a point of reference or reference state, to indicate something else. When reference is intended, what the reference points to is called the referent.

General Examples

Some general examples are:

  • the name Jane Doe used to identify a particular woman;
  • a traffic sign warning of an upcoming turn-off;
  • a wedding ring indicating a certain kind of relationship; and
  • samples of various musical works being incorporated into a new one.

References are indicated by sounds (like onomatopoeia), pictures (like roadsigns), text (like bibliographies), indexes (by number) and objects (a wedding ring); but endless concrete and abstract methods can be used intentionally. This includes methods that intentionally hide the reference from some observers, as in cryptography.

The following sections give specific usages of reference in different subjects.

From Wikipedia under the GNU Free Documentation License
Thu Sep 2 18:55:06 2010

How do I reference an image in a book that has no name or date?
Q. Harvard Referencing. Trying to cite an image that I've used in an essay. The book is an artist's book with illustrations, there is no text whatsoever. I have the reference of the book and was planning on referencing with Untitled Image, and then the details of the book, but I'm not sure what to do about the date. I can't find out anywhere when the work was produced. Thanks... Thankyou both, I guess either would work!
Asked by Jane - Wed Apr 21 10:29:09 2010 - - 2 Answers - 0 Comments

A. use untitled image for the name and just leave out the date, if there is no date then you just leave it out. That is what you do for books too.
Answered by Samantha - Wed Apr 21 10:41:09 2010

What does this reference number mean on ferderal taxes?
Q. I went online to check the status of my federal income tax return. When I entered in all the information a page came up saying that they can not provide any information on my return (it has already been accepted) and that I need to call the IRS and tell them reference number 9001. Does anyone know what that reference number means?
Asked by Angela F - Wed Jan 16 07:18:07 2008 - - 2 Answers - 1 Comments

A. I'd recommend calling them and telling them what you experienced - it sounds like an internal number they use to identify the problem with your query.
Answered by Jeff - Wed Jan 16 07:21:01 2008

If a reference has changed jobs, should you contact all places you have sent resumes with new contact info?
Q. I have been job searching, submitted resumes and one of my references has left my last job and started his own company. He is my only reference from this job. Should I and how do I contact places I have submitted resumes with his new information?
Asked by txlawgirl02 - Tue Sep 22 13:58:12 2009 - - 3 Answers - 0 Comments

A. IF you know the employer is checking references, the answer would be yes. Otherwise, follow up when you KNOW the references are being researched. Most companies that are contacted with a reference that no longer works there, will be told and the researcher will alert you about the situation if needed. Otherwise, most professionals that are sincere in their effort of reference checks will get the relay information for the reference to be found. I would be inclined to not follow up on this matter unless you feel the reference is very important to the evaluation.
Answered by Mr. Mike - Tue Sep 22 14:41:55 2009

From Yahoo Answer Search: "Reference"
Thu Sep 2 18:55:08 2010

"Second Life "
youtube.com
"Second Life "

Thu, 03 May 2007 22:12:18 PDT

For Charlotte Ford's Class. youtube.com.

Jesus ma
youtube.com
Jesus ma

Sun, 14 Oct 2007 19:25:24 PDT

Alain Moloto. youtube.com.

RAPID - COMMUNIQUES DE PRESSE - ...
europa.eu
RAPID - COMMUNIQUES DE PRESSE - ...

Thu, 01 Jul 2010 00:00:00 PDT

IP/10/872 , 1 2010 ... europa.eu.

From Google Video Search: "Reference"
Thu Sep 2 18:55:07 2010

BNA Releases the First of its New Resource Centers - PR Newswire (press release)
prnewswire.com
BNA Releases the First of its New Resource Centers - PR Newswire (press release)
Mon, 30 Aug 2010 15:20:33 GMT+00:00
PR Newswire (press release) "We've seamlessly brought together BNA news, reference libraries, practice tools and forms, with a continuous flow of expert analysis from our experienced ...
Saudi Shares Fall Most in Two Months on Growth Risk - BusinessWeek
businessweek.com
Saudi Shares Fall Most in Two Months on Growth Risk - BusinessWeek
Mon, 30 Aug 2010 14:08:48 GMT+00:00
BusinessWeek (Corrects to remove reference to other companies involved in Jabal Omar project in story originally published on Aug. ...
POLICE BLOTTER - Tbo.com
www2.highlandstoday.com
POLICE BLOTTER - Tbo.com
Tue, 31 Aug 2010 04:11:57 GMT+00:00
Tbo.com Sandra Ann Fellhauer, 46, of Tampa, on a warrant charging violation of probation in reference to possession of methamphetamine. Amy Sue Henson, 19, ...

From Google News Search: "Reference"
Fri Sep 3 02:35:47 2010

Reference 5 jpg
dotmim.com
Reference 5 jpg
383px x 604px | 57.50kB

[source page]

Services for ADO Net v1 0 for Windows Desktop Une fois fait vous devez mettre a jour votre projet pour faire pointer la reference SqlServeur CE vers la nouvelle assembly installee Posted dec 01 2007 08 47 par

reference shutterstock 13978768 jpg
maliri-nateraci.eu
reference shutterstock 13978768 jpg
750px x 1000px | 524.70kB

[source page]

Reference Zaji ujeme pro Vas kompletni slu by v oboru mali stvi a nat ra stvi Mezi na e spokojene zakazniky pat i soukrome osoby i firmy Proto e se sna ime vyjit v dy

Bytova nastavba Axmanova
phtrade.cz
Bytova nastavba Axmanova
600px x 800px | 173.20kB

[source page]



From Yahoo Image Search: "Reference"
Fri Sep 3 02:35:47 2010

Ultimate Ears announces $999 In-Ear Reference Monitors and $19.99 ...
techkicker.com
Ultimate Ears announces $999 In-Ear Reference Monitors and $19.99 ...

Techkicker

hu, 02 Sep 2010 07:21:00 GM

Ultimate Ears is pushing out a tag team of in-ear earphones that clearly demonstrates the heights (and depths) the Logitech-owned company is willing to scale. See the original post: Ultimate Ears announces $999 In-Ear . Reference. Monitors ...

From Google Blog Search: "Reference"
Thu Sep 2 18:55:08 2010

See also:

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Mon Aug 16 14:44:51 2010