Pakistan (Urdu Urdu (اُردوُ Urdū, IPA: [ˈʊrduː] ) is a Central Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian branch, belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. It is a derivative of Hindustani, and is the national language and one of the two official languages (the other being English) of Pakistan. It is also one of the 22 scheduled languages of: پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic Islamic republic is the name given to several states in the Muslim world including the Islamic Republics of Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Mauritania. Pakistan adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Islamic Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi government of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia South Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries on the west and the east. Topographically, it is dominated by the Indian Plate, which rises above sea level as the Indian subcontinent south of the[5][6] location[7][8][9][10] at the crossroads of South Asia, the Middle East The Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, southeastern Europe, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. The corresponding adjective to the Middle East is Middle-Eastern and the derived noun is Middle-Easterner, and Central Asia Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east, and from southern Russia in the north to northern India in the south. It is also sometimes known as Middle Asia or Inner Asia, and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian continent.[11][12][13][14] It has a 1,046 kilometre (650 mile) coastline along the Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui, the north-east point of Somalia, Socotra, Kanyakumari (Cape Comorin) in India, and the western coast of Sri Lanka and Gulf of Oman The Gulf of Oman or Sea of Oman is a strait (and not an actual gulf) that connects the Arabian Sea with the Strait of Hormuz, which then runs to the Persian Gulf. It is generally included as a branch of the Persian Gulf, not as an arm of the Arabian Sea. On the north coast is Pakistan and Iran (Persia). On the south coast are Oman in the east, and in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in south central Asia. It is variously described as being located within Central Asia, South Asia, or the Middle East. It is bordered by Iran in the south and west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast and Iran Iran (Persian: ایران [ʔiˈɾɒn]), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanid period and came into international use from 1935, before which the country was known internationally as Persia. Both "Persia" and "Iran" are used in the west, India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 in the east and the People's Republic of China b. ^ Information for mainland China only. Hong Kong and Macau are excluded. In addition, the territories under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China, commonly known as Taiwan, are also excluded in the far northeast.[15] Tajikistan Tajikistan , officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and People's Republic of China to the east. Tajikistan also lies adjacent to Pakistan but also lies very close to Pakistan but is separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor The Wakhan Corridor or Wakhan Salient is a narrow, in some places less than 16 kilometres wide, nearly impassable corridor in the Wakhan in the Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. It is located in the Pamir mountain region, with Tajikistan to the north, Pakistan to the south and China to the east. It was created at the end of the 19th century by.
The region forming modern Pakistan was at the heart of the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation The Indus Valley Civilization was a Bronze Age civilization (mature period 2600–1900 BCE) which centred mostly in the western part of the Indian Subcontinent and flourished around the Indus river basin. Primarily centered along the Indus and the Punjab region, the civilization extended into the Ghaggar-Hakra River valley and the Ganges-Yamuna and then later ecompassed successively, recipient of ancient Vedic The religion of the Vedic period is the historical predecessor of Hinduism. Its liturgy is reflected in the Mantra portion of the four Vedas, which are compiled in Sanskrit. The religious practices centered on a clergy administering rites that often involved sacrifices. This mode of worship is largely unchanged today within Hinduism; however, only, Persian Indigenous ethnicities and emigrant communities living in: Iran, Afghanistan, Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Armenia, Russia, Oman, China , Hungary, United Kingdom and United States, Turco-Mongol Turco-Mongols or Turko-Mongols are mainly the descendants of those Turks who were ruled over by the Mongols. Speaking mostly in Turkic they derived their ethnic and cultural origins from both groups. Turko-Mongol is used to describe the people of the Mongol Khanates which had large Turkic representation, the Ilkhanate, Chagatai Khanate and the, Indo-Greek The Indo-Greek Kingdom covered various parts of the northwest and northern Indian subcontinent during the last two centuries BC, and was ruled by more than 30 Hellenistic kings, often in conflict with each other. The kingdom was founded when the Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius invaded India early in the second century BC; in this context the and Islamic Islam (Arabic: الإسلام al-’islām, pronounced [ʔislæːm] [note 1]) is a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the teachings of the Qur’an, a religious book considered by its adherents to be the verbatim word of God (Arabic: الله, Allāh), and the Islamic prophet Muhammad's personally demonstrated examples (collected cultures. The area has witnessed invasions and/or settlement by the Aryans Indo-Aryan is an ethno-linguistic term referring to the wide collection of peoples united as native speakers of the Indo-Aryan branch of the family of Indo-European languages. Today, there are over one billion native speakers of Indo-Aryan languages, most of them native to South Asia, where they form the majority. They trace their ancestry to a, Persians The Persian people are the majority ethnic group in Iran. However, there are sub-groups who speak the Persian language as their mother tongue throughout the Iranian plateau . The term Persian has also a supra-ethnic significance and has been historically referred to a part of Iranian peoples. The origin of the Persian people is traced to the, Greeks The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in diaspora communities around the world, Arabs Arab people or Arabs (العرب al-ʿarab) are an ethnic group whose members identify along linguistic, cultural or genealogical grounds. Arabs are a Semitic people originating in Arabia, but today spread across most of Western Asia and North Africa, and many other parts of the world, Turks Indigenous ethnicities and emigrant communities living in: Turkey, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan,Kosovo, Albania, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Cyprus, China , Mongolia, Russia, Iran, Pakistan, Bulgaria, Moldova (Gagauz Autonomous Republic), Iraq, Syria, Romania, Western Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden et al.), Afghans The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in south central Asia. It is variously described as being located within Central Asia, South Asia, or the Middle East. It is bordered by Iran in the south and west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast, Mongols Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism, Sikhs Sikh is the title and name given to an adherent of Sikhism. The term has its origin in the Sanskrit term śiṣya, meaning "disciple, learner" or śikṣa, meaning "instruction" and the British The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom, that had originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a.[16] In addition to the Indian independence movement The term Indian independence movement incorporates various national and regional campaigns, agitations and efforts of both nonviolent and militant philosophy. The term encompasses a wide spectrum of political organizations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim of ending the British British Colonial Authority as well as other which demanded an independent India, the Pakistan Movement Pakistan Movement or Tehrik-e-Pakistan has its origins in the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh (present day Uttar Pradesh). Muslims there were a minority, yet their Elite had a disproportionate amount of representaion in the civil service and overall influence. The idea of Pakistan began from this part of Northern India, from the Elite of this (led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah Muhammad Ali Jinnah Urdu: Audio (Urdu: محمد علی جناح) (December 25, 1876 – September 11, 1948), a 20th century politician and statesman, is generally regarded as the founder of Pakistan. He served as leader of The Muslim League and Pakistan's first Governor-General. He is officially known in Pakistan as Quaid-i-Azam (Urdu: قائد ا of the Muslim League The All India Muslim League , founded at Dhaka, Bengal, in 1906, was a political party in British India that played a role in the Indian independence movement and developed into the driving force behind the creation of Pakistan as a Muslim state on the Indian subcontinent. After the independence of India and Pakistan, the League continued as a),which also sought independent India ;also primarily sought an independent state for the majority Muslim A Muslim , pronounced /ˈmʊslɪm/, is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah (Arabic: مسلمة). Literally, the word means "one who submits (to God)". Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islam is the infinitive. Muslims believe that there is only one God, translated in Arabic as Allah populations of the eastern and western regions of British India Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India, still earlier, Presidency towns, and collectively British India, were the administrative units of the British Empire in India. Together, they consisted of territory on the Indian subcontinent that was under the tenancy or the sovereignty of either the English East India Company or the. In compulsion the British granted independence and also the creation of the Muslim majority state of Pakistan that comprised the provinces of Sindh Sindh (Sindhī: سنڌ, is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhis. Different cultural and ethnic groups also reside in Sindh including Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from India upon independence as well as the people migrated from other provinces after independence. The neighbouring, North-West Frontier Province The North-West Frontier Province (Urdu: śhumāl maġribī sarhadī sūbha شمال مغربی سرحدی صوبہ) (other informal names include Sarhad, Frontier Afghania as well as Pakhtunkhwa, Pashtunistan and Pakhtunistan) is the smallest of the four provinces of Pakistan. The NWFP is home to the majority Pashtuns, locally referred to as, West Punjab West Punjab was a former province of Pakistan which existed from 1947 to 1955. The province covered an area of 160,622 km², including much of the current Punjab province and the Islamabad Capital Territory, but excluding the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The capital was the city of Lahore and the province was composed of four divisions, Balochistan Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan by geographical area, constituting approximately 48% of the total area of Pakistan. At the 1998 census, Balochistan had a population of roughly 6.5 million. Its neighbouring regions are Iran to the west, Afghanistan and the North West Frontier Province to the north, Punjab and Sindh to the east. To and East Bengal East Bengal was a province in the Dominion of Pakistan, and was in existence from August 15, 1947 to October 14, 1955. It came into being after the partition of Bengal in 1947. It has the same boundaries as erstwhile East Pakistan and the nation of Bangladesh and borders the Indian states of West Bengal, Meghalaya, Assam, Tripura and Mizoram. With the adoption of its constitution The Constitution of Pakistan is the supreme law of Pakistan. There have been several documents known as the Constitution of Pakistan. The Constitution of 1973 is the existing constitution, which provides for a parliamentary system with a President as head of state and popularly elected Prime Minister as head of government. Pakistan has a bicameral in 1956, Pakistan became an Islamic republic Islamic republic is the name given to several states in the Muslim world including the Islamic Republics of Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Mauritania. Pakistan adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Islamic Revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi government. In 1971, a civil war The Bangladesh Liberation War (Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was an armed conflict pitting West Pakistan against East Pakistan (two halves of one country) and India, that resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the independent nation of Bangladesh. The war broke out on 26 March 1971 as army units directed by West in East Pakistan East Pakistan was a former province of Pakistan which existed between 1947 and 1971. East Pakistan was created from Bengal Province based on a plebiscite in what was then British India in 1947. Eastern Bengal chose to join the Dominion of Pakistan and became a province of Pakistan by the name East Bengal. East Bengal, also comprised East Pakistan resulted in the creation of Bangladesh Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ, pronounced [ˈbaŋlad̪eʃ]; Bangladesh), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh) is a country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma (.
Pakistan's history has been characterized by periods of military rule A military dictatorship is a form of government wherein the political power resides with the military. It is similar but not identical to a stratocracy, a state ruled directly by the military. Like any dictatorship, a military dictatorship may be official or unofficial, and as a result may not actually qualify as stratocratic. Mixed form also and political instability Political corruption is the use of legislated powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is not considered political corruption. Neither are illegal acts by private persons or corporations not directly involved. It is still a developing nation Developing country is a term generally used to describe a nation with a low level of material well being. There is no single internationally-recognized definition of developed country, and the levels of development may vary widely within so-called developing countries, with some developing countries having high average standards of living that faces problems of poverty Poverty is the condition of lacking basic human needs such as nutrition, clean water, health care, clothing, and shelter because of the inability to afford them. This is also referred to as absolute poverty or destitution. Relative poverty is the condition of having fewer resources or less income than others within a society or country, or and illiteracy Literacy is the ability to read, write, listen and comprehend, and speak a language. In modern contexts, the word refers to reading and writing at a level adequate for communication or at a level that lets one understand and communicate abstract ideas. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization has drafted a definition of being the sixth most populous country This is a list of countries ordered according to population. The list includes sovereign states and inhabited dependent territories based on the ISO standard ISO 3166-1 in the world and having the second largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia.[17][18][19] It also has the second largest Shia Muslim population in the world.[19] The country is listed among the Next Eleven economies and is the world's only Muslim-majority nuclear state.
Contents |
|
San Francisco Chronicle
In my opinion, it is far more important to get the support of Pakistan and the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) Directorate. ...
Getting Out Of Afghanistan Atlantic Online
An Open Letter to President Obama The Nation.
Believing in the Tooth Fairy ThreatsWatch.Org
Reuters - BuzzFlash - Yahoo! News
all 134 news articles »
733px x 764px | 134.30kB
[source page]
Pakistan Agriculture and Land Use from Map No 501383 1973 134K
Kashif Aziz
hu, 08 Oct 2009 13:02:59 GM
Remembering 2005 Earthquake in . Pakistan. | . Pakistan. Politics, Current Affairs, Business and Lifestyle | Chowrangi.com.
Q. If my sister takes admission in MPhil she'll cross the age of 25 years.Will she still be eligible for applying to government job in Pakistan?
Asked by answerquest - Thu Jul 9 05:25:31 2009 - - 2 Answers - 0 Comments
A. On joining service the person should not cross 25 years 100 days
Answered by unknown - Thu Jul 9 05:45:13 2009
